Added working HTTP/1.1 transport implementation.

.gitignore

@@ -14,3 +14,4 @@ handy-http-transport-test-*
 *.o
 *.obj
 *.lst
+*.a

dub.json

@@ -10,6 +10,6 @@
 		"streams": "~>3.5.0"
 	},
 	"description": "Implementations of HTTP transport protocols.",
-	"license": "MIT",
+	"license": "CC0",
 	"name": "handy-http-transport"
 }

dub.selections.json

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+{
+	"fileVersion": 1,
+	"versions": {
+		"handy-http-primitives": {"path":"../primitives"},
+		"streams": "3.5.0"
+	}
+}

source/handy_http_transport/http1/package.d

@@ -1,2 +1,5 @@
+/**
+ * This package defines the Handy-Http implementation of HTTP/1.1.
+ */
 module handy_http_transport.http1;
 

source/handy_http_transport/http1/transport.d

@@ -1,26 +1,324 @@
 module handy_http_transport.http1.transport;
 
-import std.socket;
+import std.socket; // TODO: Implement this without std.socket?
+import std.stdio;
 
 import handy_http_transport.interfaces;
 import handy_http_primitives;
 
+import streams;
+
 /**
  * The HTTP/1.1 transport protocol implementation.
  */
 class Http1Transport : HttpTransport {
     private Socket serverSocket;
-    private SocketSet socketSet;
+    private HttpRequestHandler requestHandler;
+    private bool running = false;
 
-    this(HttpRequestAcceptor requestAcceptor) {
-        super(requestAcceptor);
+    this(HttpRequestHandler requestHandler) {
         this.serverSocket = new TcpSocket();
+        this.requestHandler = requestHandler;
     }
 
     void start() {
+        this.running = true;
+        serverSocket.setOption(SocketOptionLevel.SOCKET, SocketOption.REUSEADDR, 1);
         serverSocket.bind(new InternetAddress("127.0.0.1", 8080));
-        while (true) {
-            uint socketCount = 0;
+        serverSocket.listen(100);
+        while (running) {
+            try {
+                Socket clientSocket = serverSocket.accept();
+                import core.thread.osthread;
+                Thread t = new Thread(() => handleClient(clientSocket, requestHandler));
+                t.start();
+            } catch (SocketAcceptException e) {
+                import std.stdio;
+                stderr.writefln!"Failed to accept socket connection: %s"(e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    void stop() {
+        this.running = false;
+        this.serverSocket.shutdown(SocketShutdown.BOTH);
+        this.serverSocket.close();
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The main logic for handling an incoming request from a client. It involves
+ * reading bytes from the client, parsing them as an HTTP request, passing that
+ * to the HTTP Transport's request handler, and then writing the response back
+ * to the client.
+ * Params:
+ *   clientSocket = The newly-accepted client socket.
+ *   requestHandler = The request handler that will handle the received HTTP request.
+ */
+void handleClient(Socket clientSocket, HttpRequestHandler requestHandler) {
+    auto inputStream = SocketInputStream(clientSocket);
+    auto bufferedInput = bufferedInputStreamFor!(8192)(inputStream);
+    auto result = readHttpRequest(&bufferedInput);
+    if (result.hasError) {
+        stderr.writeln("Failed to read HTTP request: " ~ result.error.message);
+        inputStream.closeStream();
+        return;
+    }
+    ServerHttpRequest request = result.request;
+    ServerHttpResponse response;
+    SocketOutputStream outputStream = SocketOutputStream(clientSocket);
+    response.outputStream = outputStreamObjectFor(HttpResponseOutputStream!(SocketOutputStream*)(
+        &outputStream,
+        &response
+    ));
+    if (requestHandler !is null) {
+        requestHandler.handle(request, response);
+    }
+    inputStream.closeStream();
+}
+
+/// Alias for the result of the `readHttpRequest` function which parses HTTP requests.
+alias HttpRequestParseResult = Either!(ServerHttpRequest, "request", StreamError, "error");
+
+/**
+ * Parses an HTTP/1.1 request from a byte input stream.
+ * Params:
+ *   inputStream = The byte input stream to read from.
+ * Returns: Either the request which was parsed, or a stream error.
+ */
+HttpRequestParseResult readHttpRequest(S)(S inputStream) if (isByteInputStream!S) {
+    import handy_http_primitives.address;
+
+    auto methodStr = consumeUntil(inputStream, " ");
+    if (methodStr.hasError) return HttpRequestParseResult(methodStr.error);
+    auto urlStr = consumeUntil(inputStream, " ");
+    if (urlStr.hasError) return HttpRequestParseResult(urlStr.error);
+    auto versionStr = consumeUntil(inputStream, "\r\n");
+    if (versionStr.hasError) return HttpRequestParseResult(versionStr.error);
+    
+    HttpVersion httpVersion;
+    if (versionStr.value == "HTTP/1.1") {
+        httpVersion = HttpVersion.V1;
+    } else {
+        return HttpRequestParseResult(StreamError("Invalid HTTP version: " ~ versionStr.value, 1));
+    }
+
+    auto headersResult = parseHeaders(inputStream);
+    if (headersResult.hasError) return HttpRequestParseResult(headersResult.error);
+
+    return HttpRequestParseResult(ServerHttpRequest(
+        httpVersion,
+        ClientAddress.init, // TODO: Get this from the socket, if possible?
+        methodStr.value,
+        urlStr.value,
+        headersResult.headers,
+        inputStreamObjectFor(inputStream)
+    ));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Parses HTTP headers from an input stream, and returns them as an associative
+ * array mapping header names to their list of values.
+ * Params:
+ *   inputStream = The byte input stream to read from.
+ * Returns: Either the headers, or a stream error.
+ */
+Either!(string[][string], "headers", StreamError, "error") parseHeaders(S)(S inputStream) if (isByteInputStream!S) {
+    string[][string] headers;
+    while (true) {
+        auto headerStr = consumeUntil(inputStream, "\r\n");
+        if (headerStr.hasError) return Either!(string[][string], "headers", StreamError, "error")(headerStr.error);
+        if (headerStr.value.length == 0) {
+            break; // We're done parsing headers if we read an additional empty CLRF.
+        } else {
+            ptrdiff_t separatorIdx = indexOf(headerStr.value, ':');
+            if (separatorIdx == -1) return Either!(string[][string], "headers", StreamError, "error")(
+                StreamError("Invalid header field: " ~ headerStr.value)
+            );
+            string headerName = headerStr.value[0 .. separatorIdx];
+            string headerValue = headerStr.value[separatorIdx + 1 .. $];
+            if (headerName !in headers) {
+                headers[headerName] = [];
+            }
+            headers[headerName] ~= stripSpaces(headerValue);
+        }
+    }
+    return Either!(string[][string], "headers", StreamError, "error")(headers);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Helper function to consume string content from an input stream until a
+ * certain target pattern of characters is encountered.
+ * Params:
+ *   inputStream = The stream to read from.
+ *   target = The target at which to stop reading.
+ * Returns: The string that was read, or a stream error.
+ */
+private Either!(string, "value", StreamError, "error") consumeUntil(S)(
+    S inputStream,
+    string target
+) if (isByteInputStream!S) {
+    ubyte[1024] buffer;
+    size_t idx;
+    while (true) {
+        auto result = inputStream.readFromStream(buffer[idx .. idx + 1]);
+        if (result.hasError) return Either!(string, "value", StreamError, "error")(result.error);
+        if (result.count != 1) return Either!(string, "value", StreamError, "error")(
+            StreamError("Failed to read a single element", 1)
+        );
+        idx++;
+        if (idx >= target.length && buffer[idx - target.length .. idx] == target) {
+            return Either!(string, "value", StreamError, "error")(
+                cast(string) buffer[0 .. idx - target.length].idup
+            );
+        }
+        if (idx >= buffer.length) {
+            return Either!(string, "value", StreamError, "error")(
+                StreamError("Couldn't find target \"" ~ target ~ "\" after reading 1024 bytes.", 1)
+            );
         }
     }
 }
+
+/**
+ * Internal helper function to get the first index of a character in a string.
+ * Params:
+ *   s = The string to look in.
+ *   c = The character to look for.
+ *   offset = An optional offset to look from.
+ * Returns: The index of the character, or -1.
+ */
+private ptrdiff_t indexOf(string s, char c, size_t offset = 0) {
+    for (size_t i = offset; i < s.length; i++) {
+        if (s[i] == c) return i;
+    }
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Internal helper function that returns the slice of a string excluding any
+ * preceding or trailing spaces.
+ * Params:
+ *   s = The string to strip.
+ * Returns: The slice of the string that has been stripped.
+ */
+private string stripSpaces(string s) {
+    if (s.length == 0) return s;
+    ptrdiff_t startIdx = 0;
+    while (s[startIdx] == ' ' && startIdx < s.length) startIdx++;
+    s = s[startIdx .. $];
+    ptrdiff_t endIdx = s.length - 1;
+    while (s[endIdx] == ' ' && endIdx >= 0) endIdx--;
+    return s[0 .. endIdx + 1];
+}
+
+/**
+ * Helper function to append an unsigned integer value to a char buffer. It is
+ * assumed that there's enough space to write value.
+ * Params:
+ *   value = The value to append.
+ *   buffer = The buffer to append to.
+ *   idx = A reference to a variable tracking the next writable index in the buffer.
+ */
+private void writeUIntToBuffer(uint value, char[] buffer, ref size_t idx) {
+    const size_t startIdx = idx;
+    while (true) {
+        ubyte remainder = value % 10;
+        value /= 10;
+        buffer[idx++] = cast(char) ('0' + remainder);
+        if (value == 0) break;
+    }
+    // Swap the characters to proper order.
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < (idx - startIdx) / 2; i++) {
+        size_t p1 = i + startIdx;
+        size_t p2 = idx - i - 1;
+        char tmp = buffer[p1];
+        buffer[p1] = buffer[p2];
+        buffer[p2] = tmp;
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * A wrapper around a byte output stream that's used for writing HTTP response
+ * content. It keeps a reference to the `ServerHttpResponse` so that when a
+ * handler writes data to the stream, it'll flush the HTTP response status and
+ * headers beforehand.
+ */
+struct HttpResponseOutputStream(S) if (isByteOutputStream!S) {
+    /// The underlying output stream to write to.
+    private S outputStream;
+    /// A pointer to the HTTP response that this stream is for.
+    private ServerHttpResponse* response;
+    /// Flag that keeps track of if the HTTP status and headers were written.
+    private bool headersFlushed = false;
+
+    this(S outputStream, ServerHttpResponse* response) {
+        this.outputStream = outputStream;
+        this.response = response;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes the given data to the stream. If the referenced HTTP response's
+     * status and headers haven't yet been written, they will be written first.
+     * Params:
+     *   buffer = The buffer containing data to write.
+     * Returns: The result of writing. If status and headers are written, the
+     * number of bytes written will include that in addition to the buffer size.
+     */
+    StreamResult writeToStream(ubyte[] buffer) {
+        uint bytesWritten = 0;
+        if (!headersFlushed) {
+            auto result = writeHeaders();
+            if (result.hasError) return result;
+            bytesWritten += result.count;
+            headersFlushed = true;
+        }
+        auto result = outputStream.writeToStream(buffer);
+        if (result.hasError) return result;
+        return StreamResult(result.count + bytesWritten);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Writes HTTP/1.1 status line and headers to the underlying output stream,
+     * which is done before any body content can be written.
+     * Returns: The stream result of writing.
+     */
+    StreamResult writeHeaders() {
+        // TODO: Come up with a better way of writing headers than string concatenation.
+        size_t idx = 0;
+        char[6] statusCodeBuffer; // Normal HTTP codes are 3 digits, but this leaves room for extensions.
+        writeUIntToBuffer(response.status.code, statusCodeBuffer, idx);
+
+        string statusAndHeaders = "HTTP/1.1 "
+            ~ cast(string) statusCodeBuffer[0..idx]
+            ~ " " ~ response.status.text
+            ~ "\r\n";
+        foreach (headerName; response.headers.keys) {
+            string headerLine = headerName ~ ": ";
+            string[] headerValues = response.headers.getAll(headerName);
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < headerValues.length; i++) {
+                headerLine ~= headerValues[i];
+                if (i + 1 < headerValues.length) {
+                    headerLine ~= ", ";
+                }
+            }
+            headerLine ~= "\r\n";
+            statusAndHeaders ~= headerLine;
+        }
+        statusAndHeaders ~= "\r\n"; // Trailing CLRF before the body.
+        return outputStream.writeToStream(cast(ubyte[]) statusAndHeaders);
+    }
+}
+
+unittest {
+    class TestHandler : HttpRequestHandler {
+        void handle(ref ServerHttpRequest request, ref ServerHttpResponse response) {
+            response.status = HttpStatus.OK;
+            response.headers.add("ContentType", "application/json");
+            response.outputStream.writeToStream(cast(ubyte[]) "{\"a\": 1}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    HttpTransport tp = new Http1Transport(new TestHandler());
+    tp.start();
+}

source/handy_http_transport/interfaces.d

@@ -1,24 +1,6 @@
 module handy_http_transport.interfaces;
 
-import core.thread.osthread;
-
-import handy_http_primitives;
-
-abstract class HttpTransport {
-    protected HttpRequestAcceptor requestAcceptor;
-    this(HttpRequestAcceptor requestAcceptor) {
-        this.requestAcceptor = requestAcceptor;
-    }
-
-    abstract void start();
-
-    Thread startInThread() {
-        Thread t = new Thread(&this.start);
-        t.start();
-        return t;
-    }
-}
-
-interface HttpRequestAcceptor {
-    void accept(HttpRequest request, HttpResponse response);
+interface HttpTransport {
+    void start();
+    void stop();
 }